Pericoronitis 🦷: Causes, Symptoms, Treatment & Prevention

Q: How long does pericoronitis last?

Pericoronitis typically lasts about one to two weeks, but symptoms will start improving within a few days of receiving treatment. Without treatment, it may last much longer and lead to more serious complications.

Q: Is pericoronitis dangerous?

Pericoronitis is not initially life-threatening but can become serious if left untreated, as it may lead to abscesses, severe infections, and even tooth loss. Early treatment is essential to avoid complications.

Q: Is pericoronitis contagious?

No, pericoronitis is not contagious. It is caused by bacteria naturally found in the mouth but only develops when there’s a susceptibility, such as a partially erupted tooth.

Q: Can I use mouthwash for pericoronitis?

Yes, your dentist may recommend using a medicated mouthwash like chlorhexidine to reduce inflammation and bacterial buildup, but this should be done under professional guidance.

Pericoronitis is an inflammation of the gum tissue surrounding a partially erupted tooth, often affecting wisdom teeth. 🤕

This condition can cause discomfort and, if left untreated, may lead to more serious complications. 🦠

Table of content

🧠 What Is Pericoronitis?

🦷 Pericoronitis occurs when a flap of gum tissue, known as an operculum, partially covers a tooth, usually a wisdom tooth. 🌱

Food particles and bacteria can get trapped beneath this flap, leading to infection and inflammation. 🦠

This condition is most common in individuals aged 20 to 29. 👩‍⚕️

⚠️ Causes of Pericoronitis

🚨 The primary causes of pericoronitis include: 🚨

Partially Erupted Wisdom Teeth: 🦷 When wisdom teeth do not fully emerge, they can create a flap of gum tissue that traps food and bacteria. 🍕🦠
Poor Oral Hygiene: 🪥 Inadequate brushing and flossing can lead to plaque buildup, increasing the risk of infection. 🚫
Trauma to the Gum Tissue: 😖 Accidental biting or injury to the gum flap can cause irritation and inflammation. ⚡
Infection: 🦠 Bacterial infections can develop if the trapped food and bacteria are not cleared away. 🧴

🩺 Symptoms of Pericoronitis

🚨 Symptoms can vary from mild to severe and may include: 🚨

Pain and Swelling: 🥺 Discomfort around the affected tooth, especially when chewing or touching the area. 🍽️
Red or Inflamed Gums: 🔴 The gum tissue around the tooth may appear red and swollen. 🚨
Bad Breath or Unpleasant Taste: 😷 An unpleasant odor or taste in the mouth due to infection. 🤢
Difficulty Opening the Mouth: 😣 Limited jaw movement because of swelling and pain. 👄
Pus Discharge: 💧 In more severe cases, pus may ooze from the gum tissue. 🚨

🛠️ Treatment Options

⚒️ Treatment for pericoronitis depends on the severity of the condition: ⚒️

Improved Oral Hygiene: 🪥 Regular brushing and flossing to remove food particles and plaque. 🦷
Saltwater Rinses: 🌊 Rinsing the mouth with warm saltwater can help reduce inflammation and cleanse the area. 🧂
Antibiotics: 💊 Prescribed to treat any bacterial infection present. 🦠
Pain Relief: 💆‍♀️ Over-the-counter pain relievers can alleviate discomfort. 😌
Surgical Intervention: ⚒️ In cases where the condition recurs or is severe, removal of the gum flap (operculectomy) or extraction of the affected tooth may be necessary. 🦷

🛡️ Prevention Tips

🚫 To prevent pericoronitis:

Maintain Good Oral Hygiene: 🪥 Brush and floss regularly to keep the mouth clean. ✨
Regular Dental Check-ups: 👩‍⚕️ Visit the dentist regularly for professional cleanings and to monitor the health of your teeth and gums. 🦷
Avoid Irritating Foods: 🍍 Steer clear of hard or sharp foods that can injure the gum tissue. 🚫
Address Dental Issues Promptly: 🏥 Seek dental care if you experience symptoms of pericoronitis to prevent complications. 🩺

🦷 FAQs About Pericoronitis

1. How long does pericoronitis last?
⏳ It typically lasts 1 to 2 weeks with proper treatment.
Symptoms often start improving within a few days. Without care, it may persist longer and lead to complications.

2. Can I treat pericoronitis at home?
🏠 Mild cases might improve with good oral hygiene and antiseptic rinses, but it’s very important to see a dentist if you have pain or swelling.

3. Is pericoronitis dangerous?
⚠️ While not usually life-threatening, untreated pericoronitis can lead to serious problems like abscesses, spreading infection, or even tooth loss.

4. Is pericoronitis contagious?
😷 No. It’s not contagious — it’s caused by bacteria already in your mouth, often affecting partially erupted wisdom teeth.

5. Can I use mouthwash for pericoronitis?
🧴 Yes, medicated mouthwashes like chlorhexidine can help reduce inflammation and bacteria — but only use them under dental supervision.

✅ Conclusion

💡 Pericoronitis is a manageable condition with proper dental care. 🦷

If you experience symptoms, consult with a dental professional to determine the appropriate treatment and prevent further complications. 🦠

References

Kwon G, Serra M. Pericoronitis. [Updated 2022 Nov 21]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2025 Jan-. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK576411/
Schmidt, J., Kunderova, M., Pilbauerova, N., & Kapitan, M. (2021). A Review of Evidence-Based Recommendations for Pericoronitis Management and a Systematic Review of Antibiotic Prescribing for Pericoronitis among Dentists: Inappropriate Pericoronitis Treatment Is a Critical Factor of Antibiotic Overuse in Dentistry. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(13), 6796. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18136796
Wehr, C., Cruz, G., Young, S., & Fakhouri, W. D. (2019). An Insight into Acute Pericoronitis and the Need for an Evidence-Based Standard of Care. Dentistry Journal, 7(3), 88. https://doi.org/10.3390/dj7030088